Hemifacial Microsomia
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What is hemifacial microsomia?
Hemifacial microsomia is a condition in which one half of the face is underdeveloped and does not grow normally. The degree of severity varies from patient to patient.
Areas of the face that may be underdeveloped in HFM include:
- eye
- external and middle ear
- side of the skull
- cheek tissue
- upper and lower jaws
- teeth
- some of the nerves that allow facial movement.
What causes hemifacial microsomia?
The exact cause of hemifacial microsomia remains unclear. Experts believe it could be related to a disrupted process of fetal development. It is unknown if environmental factors play a part in this condition.
How do you diagnose hemifacial microsomia?
Hemifacial microsomia is typically diagnosed by physical exam alone. However other testing may be required based on the degree of asymmetry and severity of the associated defects. This can include CT, X-rays, and MRI. Sometimes genetics testing is also recommended.
How do you correct hemifacial microsomia?
Your child will be thoroughly evaluated by the Plastic Surgery team and recommendations for treatment will be based on the findings specific to your child. Some of these recommendations may include:
- fat grafting
- craniofacial surgery to correct bony deformities of the face and skull
- nerve reconstruction or transfer
- ear reconstruction
- nasal reconstruction
- jaw reconstruction
The Plastic Surgery team at ETCH feels that collaboration with families as well as the patient is the key to achieving a customized plan for each of our hemifacial microsomia patients.
